The French Revolution

• France on the eve of the Revolution When, on 21/01/1793 Cape citizens, was executed better known under the title of Louis XVI in Paris, sealed the end of absolutism in French soil. The revolution in France has reached one of its objectives. The fall of the Versailles system, the French absolutism is itself justified. Several factors contribute to its demise: the unfair tax system in favor of a 2% of the population fuels the rage at the current conditions. Cyclical downturns of the agricultural area of France that people die of hunger. The Enlightenment (Rousseau, Voltaire) and the U.S. experience (the Liberation War, the Bill of Rights) are alternatives to absolutism. Mercantilism is the bourgeoisie is economically richer and more powerful. Depletion of the opposition (Bauer, lower middle) and upward social mobility (upper-class, large landowners) do not have the privilege to grow. Economic crises, wars (American Revolution) and the enormous cost of the royal court of the ruin of the country almost completely.
• Development of Versailles
  The crown is the national debt is not under control and is mid to late eighties (ca. 1783 to 1788) for the delay in reforms, in particular through the introduction of ground control and ground to prevent state failure . The needle is opposed to this reform, and restricting their privileges. Led to the convening of the Estates General as the final arbiter in the approval process control. This is the upper middle class and emerging economies layer situated. Require that its growing economic power but also in political terms is expressed and request a vote by number of employees. King double the seats of the third estate, but leaves it in the vote on the articles.
• In June 1789, the third state goes on the offensive. First, it suggests that unite the states, finally, 17/06/1789, declare the National Assembly. This is the beginning of the revolution. During the first leaves of the historical evolution of land constitutionally legitimate. Shortly thereafter be the first to join the Third Estate. Noble and the bishops ask the king's intervention. This suggests the meeting room of the National Assembly. It differs from the ballroom. Am 20.6. is the Tennis Court Oath. This is to swear in members of the National Assembly, other than never to go until the constitution is created. \ "The first and second level is executed, the king sanctioned the fact. From 17.6. 1789, there are actually two sovereignties. On the one hand, the Constitution to legitimize the National Assembly, on the other, through this power limited in its absolute monarch.
• Development in Paris
  Meanwhile, there is a charged atmosphere of Paris. Bread prices have reached their highest level of the century, the dismissal of the popular minister Necker and contraction of the royal troops around Paris are citizens of the city on July 14, 1789 to the storming of the Bastille. The Bastille is a symbol of feudal rule, making it a symbol of revolution. This has placed beside another pillar 07/14/1789 Versailles: the street. Also unlike the revolution of the upper class, which acts at Versailles, in the National Assembly, and the petty bourgeoisie, who fulminate against the king in Paris.
• The development of the country
  In the countryside, peasants and rural population revolted against arbitrary government. Rumors of the invasion of the British to protect feudal farmers take up arms. The great fear (the great peur) took the peasants July-August 1989 manor houses and fields. They demand the abolition of feudalism.
• Rock Revolution
  Or fifth on 4 August 1789 creates the National Assembly of the feudal order and led to the liberation of the serfs. In the class state, the corporate state. The declaration of human rights and civil 08/26/1789 Enlightenment ideas are implemented. Paris in October to force the king to the market women of Paris, the next National Assembly. In the years following the revolution established in accordance with the principles of 1789. It is anti-clerical, nationalized church property to clean up the state budget, and achieved by the civil constitution of the Church of the Church's participation in the Revolution. The revolution is anti-aristocratic and remove all titles of nobility. It is anti-feudal and feudal courts resolved. She also is liberal and democratic. Political clubs, like the Jacobins and the Franciscans have their headquarters in Paris.
• The king is the development in France compared with power. In June 1791 failed in his attempt to escape. The king is the machine of the Constitution, who signed the decrees of the National Assembly. On September 3, 1791 was proclaimed the new Constitution. Can France a constitutional monarchy, guarantees of human rights, equality before the law and private property. It requires the separation of powers that Montesquieu, the legislature acts decisively as the most powerful force in others. The King is the executive veto and maintains its suspension. Census suffrage is introduced - select only the wealthy citizens, men are allowed. Separation of Church and State is committed. The 1791 Constitution, the Constitution of the citizens own the property, the Constitution of money \ "(Robespierre). However, it is also the most democratic constitution that exists on European soil at the time.